How Submarines Work
Before the invention of the atomic bomb, the
underwater boats (U-boats) were the most powerful vessels. The design of the
submarines during the world war was a gamer changer. Any other water vessel was
vulnerable below the waterline making the U-boats the most powerful vessels.
Prior to this time, the gunships were considered as the Tyrannosaurus rex of
the seas
The first modern submarine was powered in 1800 by John
Holland. Current design follows this initial invention with empty tanks around
them to enable them to submerge. When these empty tanks are flooded with sea
water by the captain, they make the ship to sink. In order to bring the ship to
the surface, compressed air is used to force the water out of the tank making
the vessel rise to the surface. The initial design (such as utilized in the
World War I) were powered using diesel fuel which need oxygen for combustion.
To increase the speed of the vessel, it had to travel over water and once
submerged, it utilized battery power to turn propellers.
Due to the limited power of batteries, the submarine
would stay under water for a relatively short time. The ability to be unseen
made the ship unstoppable and could sink any ship. It was this power that
almost made the ships to win the war by themselves. One shortcoming associated
with early submarines was the poor living conditions of the sailors on board
who woke up with oil heads. Torpedo’s were well known for sinking large ships
such as the Lusitania in 1915. It was such action that angered and fueled the war.
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